What is Cognitive Dissonance Theory?

This video describes Cognitive Dissonance Theory. Cognitive Dissonance Theory was developed by a researcher named Leon Festinger in the 1950’s. Cognitive dissonance occurs when someone’s beliefs are different from their actions. Cognitive dissonance leads to discomfort and, in theory, to change in beliefs and/or behavior. The Principle of Cognitive Consistency states that individuals are sensitive to cognitive dissonance. The level of cognitive dissonance is based on how strongly beliefs are held. There are a few ways to alleviate cognitive dissonance including changing the behavior, changing the belief, or changing both. In some situations, individuals may be unwilling or unable to change a belief or action, so the cognitive dissonance remains along with the corresponding discomfort, tension, or anxiety. Cognitive dissonance is a common phenomenon observed in therapeutic settings.